Which ethical system recognizes and acknowledges various ethical viewpoints?

The correct answer is based on the principle of relativism, which is an ethical system that recognizes and values the diversity of moral perspectives and cultural norms. Relativism asserts that ethical truths and values are not absolute but instead can vary based on context, society, or individual beliefs. This perspective acknowledges that different cultures and individuals may have their own valid viewpoints when it comes to ethical issues, thus promoting an understanding and respect for varying opinions.

In contrast, the other options present distinct ethical frameworks that do not inherently accept or embrace the variability of ethical views. Utilitarianism focuses on outcomes and the greatest good for the majority, deontology emphasizes adherence to set rules or duties regardless of the context, and virtue ethics is centered on character and the cultivation of moral virtues rather than a discussion of multiple ethical perspectives. Therefore, relativism stands out as the system that explicitly recognizes and considers the multiplicity of ethical viewpoints.